Colorimetry (Figure 5D1 ). The band at 890 cm-1 is attributed to the C

Colorimetry (Figure 5D1 ). The band at 890 cm-1 is attributed to the C bending in the anomeric C2 Ceramide Autophagy carbon in galactans’ residues [35]. The absorption at 850, 820 and 805 cm-1 indicated the presence of sulfate groups around the C-4 and C-6 of G moieties and C2 in LA moieties, respectively [21]. Following alkali extraction (7 NaOH, w/v) and enzyme-assisted (three NaOH, w/v) agar extraction, weak bands appeared at 1250 cm-1 , and no bands appeared at 805 and 820 cm-1 , indicating that alkaline and enzyme-assisted extraction have the similar impact on eliminating unstable sulfate groups (C2 in LA and C6 in G moieties) [16]. Furthermore, the peak at 850 cm-1 representing the sulfate group at C-4 was present in all AS-0141 Technical Information samples after alkaline pretreatment, indicating that the axial sulfate group at C-4 is alkaline-stable sulfate groups. Overall, alkaline treatment had a fantastic effect around the structure and functional group of agar, whilst acid remedy, bleaching therapy, and high temperature extraction had tiny effect on the structure of agar.Mar. Drugs Drugs19,19, 2021,2021,617 617 Mar. Drugs 2021,Mar. 2021, Drugs 2021, 19,19,617 19,Mar.Drugs 617 2021, 19, Mar. Drugs Mar. 19, Drugs19, 19, 617 2021, Drugs 617 Mar. Mar. Drugs 2021, Mar. 2021,Mar.61719, 19, 2021, 617 2021, 2021, Mar. Mar. Drugs617Mar.Drugs61719,61719, 617 Drugs 2021, Drugs617 Mar.Mar. DrugsDrugs Mar. Drugs 2021,Mar. 19, 617 2021, 19, 617 Drugs 2021,Mar.617Mar.2021, 19,19,19,19, 617 19, 19,Drugs 617 2021, Mar. Drugs19, Drugs 2021, 19, 617 2021, Mar. Drugs 2021, 19, Drugs 2021,617 617 19, Mar. Drugs 2021,Mar.6172021,2021, 19,Drugs Mar. 2021, Drugs 19, 617 617 617 617 2021, Drugs Mar. Mar. Mar. Drugs13 13 o 13 of 19 of 19 13 o13 of13 13 of 19 19of 19 o 13 oMar. DrugsMar. Drugs 2021, 19, 617 2021, 19,13 of13 of1. 1. different1.of 1.Effectextraction extraction processes onon physicochemical propertiesagar. of of 1. of ofdifferent extraction processes on on physicochemical of of extraction extraction processes physicochemical properties Table TableTableEffect1. EffectEffectofdifferent onextractionprocessesphysicochemicalproperties of ofofofagar. 1. Impact Table Effectdifferent differentprocesses ononprocesses on physicochemicalofproperties of agar. TableEffect TableEffectof ofofofdifferentextraction physicochemical properties ofproperties of agar. 1. TableEffect Impact extraction processes on on onon properties of agar. agar. agar. agar. Impact of different of different extraction physicochemical properties agar. agar. 1. 1. differentdifferent extraction processes physicochemical properties agar. of Table Impact diverse physicochemical on properties properties Table 1. Effect processes processes processes physicochemical Table ofTableTable1.diverse extractionextractionprocessesphysicochemical of properties agar. agar. Table extraction unique processes physicochemicalphysicochemical properties 1. Table 1. Impact of unique extraction processes on physicochemical properties of agar.PP1. Effect diverse extraction processes extraction of agar. Table 1. Impact of distinct extraction extraction properties ofphysicochemical Enzyme-Assisted 1. extraction Impact processes agar. 1. on agar. Enzyme-Assisted differentEffect of Enzymatic-Extraction processes onphysicochemical agar. Enzyme-Assisted TableEnzymatic-Extraction extraction physicochemical properties ofproperties ofagar. Effect Table differentof of different of of1.of various distinctive extraction onon physicochemical properties Enzyme-Assis.