N MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- two,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction) assay. In short, steady transfected HT29 and HCT116 cells

N MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- two,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction) assay. In short, steady transfected HT29 and HCT116 cells were seeded at a density of 5 104 cells/well in 96-well plates. Subsequently, cells have been irradiated having a single dose of 0, two, four, 6, or eight Gy. Just after 72 h, the culture medium was removed and replaced with 0.5 mg/mL MTT and permitted to stand for 1 h at 37 C for the formation of purple formazan. The precipitated formazan was dissolved with one hundred ofBiomedicines 2021, 9,4 ofDMSO, and absorbance was measured at 570 nm having a microplate reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). two.8. Colony Formation Assay For the clonogenic formation assay, transfected cells have been seeded in 6-well plates at a density of six 103 cells/well and exposed to 2 Gy of irradiation on day two. Soon after 10 days of incubation, the colonies have been fixed with methanol/acetic acid (3:1) and stained with 0.five crystal violet in 50/50 methanol/water for 20 min at area temperature. Next, the staining option was carefully removed from every single nicely and rinsed with water. Finally, the amount of cell colonies with a size 1 mm was counted employing ImageJ software program (Java 1.8.0_172). two.9. Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Evaluation by Flow Cytometry Following synchronization with serum starvation for 24 h, cells had been irradiated at a dose of 4 Gy. Following four days of incubation, floating and adherent cells have been harvested for cell cycle and apoptosis evaluation. For cell cycle analysis, cells had been fixed with 75 ethanol at 4 C overnight. Soon after cells had been washed twice with PBS, they have been resuspended with PI/Triton X-100 (20 /mL PI, 0.1 Triton X-100, and 0.two mg/mL RNase A) and incubated in the dark for 30 min. To detect apoptosis, we stained the harvested cells with PE-labeled Annexin-V/7-AAD, based on the manufacturer’s protocol (cat no. 559763; BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA). The signals of 1 105 stained cells in every sample were detected via flow cytometry (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA, USA). two.ten. Western Blotting c-Met, caspase-3, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and GAPDH were quantified working with Western blotting. Just after 72 h of irradiation, the whole-cell extract was isolated applying RIPA buffer (1 mM EDTA [pH 8.0], 100 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris [pH 8.0], 0.5 Nonidet P-40, and 0.five Triton X-100). In brief, equal amounts of protein have been separated by SDSPAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. Membranes had been then incubated with Trident Universal Protein Blocking Reagents (GTX30963; GeneTex, Irvine, CA, USA) for 30 min at room temperature. This was followed by incubation with main antibodies at four C overnight. Target proteins were probed using the following antibodies: anti-phospho-c-Met, -c-Met, -caspase-3, -PARP (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA, USA). Anti-GAPDH (1:1000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) was employed as a loading control for the whole-cell lysates. Subsequently, the membranes had been incubated using a 1:5000 dilution of an HRP-conjugated antibody for 1 h at area temperature. Protein bands had been created working with an enhanced chemiluminescence detection reagent, and signals had been captured working with the ChemiDoc MP Imaging Casopitant manufacturer Method (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA). ImageJ application was used for protein quantification. two.11. Luciferase Reporter Assay The predicted miRNA-148a binding site in the Met 3 UTR sequence (five -AGGCCACAAAAACACUGCACUGU-3 ) (cat. no. CW306396) or mutant 3 -UTR sequence (five -AGGCCACAAAAACACACGUGACU-3 ) (ca.