His aspect is crucial to understand that the duration of cardiologic monitoring of patients undergoing

His aspect is crucial to understand that the duration of cardiologic monitoring of patients undergoing CT needs to be very long and accurate.EKG and AcadesineMedChemExpress AICA Riboside cardiotoxicity of CTEKG represents the traditional support and completion to the clinical PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28298493 examination also for patients undergoing CT but EKG abnormalities are often non specific in this clinical setting. This is particularly true for anthracycline-Therapy Anthracycline, Mitomycin, Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin, Trastuzumab, Alemtizumab Cyclophosphamide, Cytarabine, Imatinib, Thalidomide, Trans-retinoic acid, Busulfan, Radiation therapy Cisplatin, Vinca Alkaloids, Capecitabine, Interleukin-2 Bevacizumab, 5-Fluotouracil, Radiation therapy Cisplatin, Bevacizumab, Interferon- Etoposide, Talidomide, Paclitaxel, Alemtuzumab, Cetuximab, Rituximab, Transretinoic Acid, Interleukin-2, Interferon- Busulfan, Cyclophoshamide, Radiation Therapy Thalidomide, Paclitaxel Arsenic Troxide Bevacizumab, PaclitaxelPage 3 of(page number not for citation purposes)Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2007, 5:http://www.cardiovascularultrasound.com/content/5/1/Table 2: The main cardiovascular cellular and extracellular targets of CTTarget Damage Endothelial cells Cardiomyocytes Smooth muscle cells Extracellular matrixKind of CT Anthracyclines, Cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil (TNF- induced apoptosis), Monoclonal antibodies, Radiation therapy Anthracyclines (atrophy and apoptosis), Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, Monoclonal antibodies (mitochondrial apoptosis), Radiation therapy Anthracyclines Cytarabine, Cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, Cytokines, Arsenic trioxide, Radiation therapy Anthracyclines, Cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, Radiation therapyinduced acute toxicity, where non-specific ST-segment and T-wave changes, decreased QRS voltage and QT-interval prolongation have been described. Chronic anthracycline cardiotoxicity (even many years after the completion of therapy) manifests often as life-threatening arrhythmias [34]. 5-Fluorouracil has been demonstrated to be associated with EKG signs of myocardial ischemia while less frequent alterations include arrhythmias [35]. Highdose of cyclophosphamide may cause malignant arrhythmias inducing sometimes fatal outcomes [36]. The most severe EKG alterations of interferon- and interleukin-2 correspond to supra-ventricular and ventricular arrhythmias [37]. Effort EKG test may be useful to unmask coronary artery spasm induced by capecitabine, showing STsegment elevation accompanied by angina [38]. Twentyfour-hour Holter monitoring and analysis of QT-intervalFigure 1 Schematic view of the time course of CT-related cardiotoxicity Schematic view of the time course of CT-related cardiotoxicity. CT = cancer therapy.Page 4 of(page number not for citation purposes)Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2007, 5:http://www.cardiovascularultrasound.com/content/5/1/dispersion may be important tools in patients undergoing CT, to detect number and severity of arrhythmias [39]. Increased QT-interval dispersion has been recently found to be a predictor of acute heart failure after therapy by cyclophosphamide [40] and to persist even in late survivors of childhood anthracycline treatment [41]. In relation with symptoms and signs of congestive heart failure, often developing during CT, it is, however, clear how EKG represents a limited tool for serial cardiologic assessment and early diagnosis of cardiac adverse effects and complications due to CT.Doppler-echo and cardiovascular toxicity of CTToday, the widely.