Hreatrelated neural activation. Supporting our hypothesis, we located that participants whoHreatrelated neural activation. Supporting our

Hreatrelated neural activation. Supporting our hypothesis, we located that participants who
Hreatrelated neural activation. Supporting our hypothesis, we discovered that participants who viewed safe attachmentrelated stimuli prior to finishing two threatreactivity tasks showed attenuated amygdala responses to both threatening faces and threatening words. These findings add to previous attachmentsecurity priming research that have respectively reported attenuated limbic responses within the hypothalamus and anterior cingulate to social and physical pain following exposure to attachment reminders (Eisenberger et al 20; Karremans et al 20). The current findings of decreased amygdala reactivity to threat following attachmentsecurity priming are in line with current theoretical accounts of attachment security, in accordance with which reminders of secure attachment relationships act as security cues which modulate threat appraisals and downregulate neural responses to prospective threats (Coan, 2008, 200; Eisenberger et al 20). Decreased amygdala activation inside the attachmentsecurity priming group was observed within the absence of any locations of significantly greater activation group when compared with all the handle group. These findings for that reason shed light on the mechanisms by which feelings of attachment security could regulate affective responding to signs of achievable threat, and are constant together with the notion that attachment security regulates threatreactivity by means of a bottomup modulation of threat appraisal processes, in lieu of by way of topdown prefrontal mediated regulation (Coan, 2008, 200). Second, previous study exploring the therapeutic mechanisms of anxiolytic pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies has implicatedamygdala desensitisation as an essential therapeutic mechanism (Furmark et al 2002; Harmer et al 2006; Murphy et al 2009). Consequently, our findings that attachmentsecurity priming can modulate reactivity within this similar structure raise the possibility that attachmentsecurity priming PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24367198 solutions may possibly provide a novel therapeutic avenue for anxiety problems. In addition to an effect of attachmentsecurity priming on amygdala reactivity, we replicated earlier studies by finding a substantial correlation involving trait attachment insecurity and amygdala reactivity (Lemche et al 2005; Buchheim et al 2006; Vrtic et al 2008, 202). ka Provided the hypothesised function of heightened amygdala responsivity in mediating anxious symptomatology and danger for the improvement of anxiety issues (Etkin and Wager, 2007; Shin and Liberzon, 200), these findings assistance the concept that increased danger for the development of anxiety disorders amongst insecurely attached folks is partly mediated by elevated threat reactivity inside the amygdala. These findings are also broadly in line with prior findings of improved activation inside neural threat systems in response to social threat in anxiously attached folks (Gillath et al 2005; DeWall et al 202), and are constant with notion that anxiously attached individuals are a lot more vigilant for indicators of social threat (Mikulincer and SCIO-469 Shaver, 2007a). An unexpected obtaining was that, as opposed to in the emotional faces task, our measures of trait attachment safety didn’t correlate with amygdala reactivity within the dotprobe activity. Previously reported findings of threatrelated amygdala hyperactivity in insecurely attached men and women have been to social threat stimuli (Lemche et al 2005; Buchheim et al 2006; Vrtic et al 2008, 202). This could possibly indicate that attachka mentsecurity priming and trait attachment security have distinct modula.