On-PCOS controls at all three time points, on day 3 (43.7 ?2.6 ng/mlOn-PCOS controls at

On-PCOS controls at all three time points, on day 3 (43.7 ?2.6 ng/ml
On-PCOS controls at all three time points, on day 3 (43.7 ?2.6 ng/ml vs. 30.9 ?4.3 ng/ml, p = 0.02), day of hCG administration (47.4 ?3.1 ng/ml vs. 34.2 ?4.5 ng/ml, p = 0.02), and day of oocyte retrieval (49.0 ?4.3 ng/ml vs. 33.9 ?6.0 ng/ml, p = 0.04) (Figure 1A). No differences AC220 supplement between groups were observed in follicular fluid Ang-1 levels (Figure 1B). In addition, no correlation was found between serum or follicular fluid Ang-1 levels and number of oocytes retrieved (data not PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29069523 shown). Similarly to Ang-1, Ang-2 serum levels were constant throughout controlled ovarian stimulation in either PCOS or non-PCOS women (Figure 2A). In contrast to Ang-1 serum levels, Ang-2 serum levels were not different between the two groups on day 3, day of hCG or day of oocyte retrieval (Figure 2A). Furthermore, follicular fluid Ang-2 levels were 1.9-fold greater in PCOS women compared with non-PCOS controls (19.6 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26266977 ?2.6 ng/ml vs. 10.5 ?1.2 ng/ml, p < 0.01) (Figure 2B). Moreover, Ang-2 levels in follicular fluid were found to positively correlate with the number of oocytes retrieved in both PCOS and non-PCOS groups (r = 0.65, p < 0.0001) (Figure 3). No correlation was noted between serum Ang-2 levels and number of oocytes retrieved (data not shown). Ang-1 concentration was markedly higher in serum compared with follicular fluid, with serum/follicular fluid ratios ranging from 102?14 and 77?5 in PCOS and non-PCOS groups, respectively (data not shown). Conversely, Ang-2 levels were greater in follicular fluid than serum, with a reversal in serum/follicular fluid ratio, ranging from 0.06-0.07 and 0.11-0.12 in PCOS and nonPCOS groups, respectively (data not shown). Since Ang-1 and Ang-2 exert opposing actions, their ratio may provide insight into the angiogenic status, and particularly the propensity for vessel stabilization versus regression. The Ang1/Ang-2 ratio in serum of PCOS women was significantly increased compared with non-PCOS women at all three measured time points, on day 3 (39.7 ?2.3 vs. 24.9 ?2.6, p = 0.02), day of hCG administration (39.2 ?2.9 vs. 28.5 ?1.7, p = 0.04), and day of oocyte retrieval (38.2 ?3.1 vs. 27.3 ?1.9, p = 0.01) (Table 2). Remarkably, the Ang-1/ Ang-2 ratio was reversed in follicular fluid compared with serum, due to lower Ang-1 and higher Ang-2 levels in follicular fluid compared with serum. In addition, the Ang-1/ Ang-2 ratio was significantly decreased in follicular fluid of PCOS compared with non-PCOS women (0.02 ?0.Tal et al. Vascular Cell 2013, 5:18 http://www.vascularcell.com/content/5/1/Page 4 ofFigure 1 Ang-1 concentration in (A) serum (ng/ml) and (B) follicular fluid (ng/ml) of PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) and non-PCOS women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. Serum Ang-1 levels were consistently increased in PCOS compared with non-PCOS women throughout controlled ovarian stimulation, while no differences between groups were observed in follicular fluid. Data are presented as mean ?SEM. *p < 0.05 for PCOS vs. non-PCOS women.vs. 0.04 ?0.006, p = 0.002), consistent with increased follicular fluid Ang-2 levels in the PCOS group (Table 2).Discussion This is the first study to report levels and dynamics of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in PCOS women during the course of controlled ovarian stimulation. Our data demonstrate that serum Ang-1 and Ang-2 levels remained unchanged during controlled ovarian stimulation in both PCOS and non-PCOS women. However, Ang-1 levels were found to be increased in serum of PCOS compared with non-.